Section · beans & storage
Coffee beans: roast, freshness and storage
Pages about the coffee itself: what roast levels mean for brewing, how freshness changes after roasting, how to store and freeze beans, and how much caffeine ends up in the cup by brew method.
ReferenceCoffee roast levelsLight, medium and dark: roast names by bean temperature, SCA/Agtron colour numbers and why labels disagree, caffeine by roast, and brewing adjustments.ReferenceCoffee freshnessRoast vs best-by dates, how long whole beans and grounds last by source, oxygen, moisture, heat and light, valve and nitrogen packaging, and the Penn State freezing study.GuideHow to store coffee beansContainers and reclosing methods compared (ZHAW 2022 opened-bag study), what the valve does, cupboard vs fridge vs freezer, step-by-step freezer portioning and a storage checklist.ReferenceCaffeine by brew methodMeasured mg per 100 ml and per serving for drip, espresso, moka, French press, AeroPress, cold brew, instant and decaf, what drives the spread, a range calculator, and FDA/EFSA guidance.